NiCad (Nickel Cadmium) batteries ruled over the market for years. However, in recent years, they are getting challenged by newer Lithium-Ion batteries. Why? Well, we cannot tell you that in brief. It indeed requires a vivid discussion.

To make the discussion or contrast evident, here, we shall dwell on various respects i.e. their history, electrochemistry, manufacturing cost, environmental impact, applications, and so on. Let’s get them downright!

Electrochemistry

For the negative terminal, the NiCd battery uses cadmium. On the other hand, this battery uses nickel oxyhydroxide for the positive terminal or cathode.

And as an electrolyte, it uses aqueous potassium hydroxide.

For the negative terminal or anode, the li-ion battery uses graphite, and for the positive terminal, it uses lithium oxide. And as an electrolyte, it uses lithium salt.

Interestingly, these ions walk from the negative side to the positive side at the time of discharge and get back while charging. Instead of metallic lithium as the electrode material, these batteries use an intercalated lithium compound.

Manufacturing Cost

The manufacturing cost of a lithium-ion battery is approximately 40 percent more than that of a nicad battery. The lithium ion batteries require additional protection to monitor the voltage and current.

Sizes and Types

Li-ion battery is smaller, more portable than nicad battery because of being lighter. You will have different sizes and shapes in 4 sorts of formats. These are as follows!

• Large Cylindrical: These lithium ion batteries have a solid body and large threaded terminals.
• Small Cylindrical: This type of lithium battery consists of a solid body without terminals. Example: laptop batteries.
• Pouch: This sort of battery comprises a soft, flat body. You will find its usage on cell phones. Since it has no case, it possesses the highest energy density. Although when its state-of-charge (SOC) level is high, it needs some external type of containment.
• Prismatic: Such a lithium battery usually contains a semi-hard plastic case with large threaded terminals. You will see its application in vehicles’ traction packs.

On the contrary, there are two kinds of Nicd batteries:

• Sealed and
• Vented

You will have these batteries available from AAA to D. Apart from the single cells, you will get up to 300 cells out there in the market. These batteries are a fabulous fit for automotive and heavy-duty industrial usage. And the cell number is below 18 for portable applications.

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