The fastest generally accepted way to charge a conventional (lead‐acid or NiCd) battery is with a constant voltage, a current limited battery charger that is capable of both “boost” and “float” output voltages. “Boost” charging applies a higher than normal voltage to the battery early in the charge cycle to charge the battery as quickly as possible. Later, once the battery is charged, charging voltage is reduced to a lower value called “float” which is suited for maintaining the battery at a full charge.

The following description of the recharge cycle refers to Figure 1 below:

Phase 1: Early in the cycle of recharging a fully discharged battery the charger operates at its maximum current. This is Phase 1 of the recharge cycle. During this phase the battery’s voltage increases.

Phase 2: Once battery voltage rises to a pre‐set “boost” voltage value the charger’s voltage control system takes over to maintain voltage at the boost value for a time that, ideally, is just sufficient to finish the job of recharging the battery.  This is Phase 2 of the recharge cycle.

Phase 3: At the end of Phase 2 the charger’s voltage control system reduces the charger’s output voltage set point to the float voltage, which is Phase 3 of the recharge cycle. Although the bulk of the battery’s capacity is replenished in Phases 2 and 3, the charge current continues to taper off during Phase 3.

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Conclusion:

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