A lead-acid battery is a common type of battery in which the positive and negative electrodes are composed of lead oxide (PbO2) and sponge lead (Pb), respectively, and the electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution. Vulcanization is an unavoidable chemical reaction during the use of lead-acid batteries, which may lead to reduced battery capacity and shortened life. The following are the conditions and influencing factors of vulcanization in lead-acid batteries:
The production of vulcanization is mainly related to the following factors:
1. Charge and discharge cycle: In the charge and discharge cycle of lead-acid batteries, the mutual conversion between lead oxide and sponge lead will trigger a chemical reaction to produce sulfide. The more cycles the battery has, the more obvious the vulcanization may be.
2. Deep discharge: In the deep discharge process of the battery, the sulfuric acid in the battery will be decomposed, resulting in substances such as lead sulfate (PbSO4) and lead hydrogen sulfate (PbH2SO4), resulting in a reduction in the concentration of sulfuric acid in the battery, which is conducive to the occurrence of vulcanization.
3, high temperature environment: under high temperature environment, the chemical reaction speed in the battery is accelerated, and the occurrence of vulcanization may be more significant.
4, long-term placement: Lead-acid batteries that are not used for a long time may be vulcanized, especially when the battery is in a partial or full discharge state. Effects of vulcanization on lead-acid batteries:
5, capacity reduction: vulcanization will lead to the conversion and curing of the active material inside the battery, thereby reducing the effective capacity of the battery and affecting the performance of the battery.
6, internal resistance increase: vulcanization will also cause the chemical reaction rate inside the battery to slow down, increase the internal resistance of the battery, thus affecting the discharge performance of the battery.
7, shortened life: long-term vulcanization may lead to shortened life of the lead-acid battery, reducing its cycle life and service life.
In order to reduce the vulcanization of lead-acid batteries, the following measures can be taken:
Avoid deep discharge and keep the battery charged.
Avoid leaving it unused for a long time, and use and charge it regularly.
Avoid use in high temperature environments, and try to maintain a suitable operating temperature range.
Maintain the battery regularly, such as equalizing charge and discharge, and balancing the battery.
