Quick Answer

A distribution system is a part of the electrical power system composed of transformers, switching devices, protection equipment, and metering devices. It is responsible for delivering electricity from the power source to end-use locations. Based on different application scenarios such as substations and load requirements, distribution systems can be divided into several types: high-voltage distribution systems, low-voltage distribution systems, micro distribution systems, reactive power compensation systems, central battery group distribution systems, and photovoltaic distribution systems.

Key Takeaways

• A distribution system is used to transfer electrical energy from the power source to end users. 
• It enables power distribution, connection, and branching functions to ensure stable operation of electrical equipment. 
• Different environments require different types of distribution systems. 
• Six main types are commonly defined: high-voltage, low-voltage, micro, reactive power compensation, central battery group, and photovoltaic systems. 
• Each system serves a specific application scenario based on voltage level or usage conditions. 

Core Content

1. Definition of Distribution System

A distribution system refers to an electrical system composed of transformers, switches, protection devices, and metering instruments. It plays a key role in transmitting electrical power from the source side to the end-use side.

Its main functions include:

• Power distribution 
• Electrical connection 
• Branching and allocation of electricity 
• Ensuring stable operation of electrical equipment 

2. High-Voltage Distribution System

A high-voltage distribution system is used to transmit high-voltage electricity to users.

• It converts electricity from high-voltage transmission networks 
• Adjusts voltage to suitable levels before delivery 
• Supplies power to electrical loads 

3. Low-Voltage Distribution System

A low-voltage distribution system operates on the low-voltage side of transformers.

• Typical voltage levels: 380V or 220V 
• Mainly used in: 

1. Residential environments 
2. Commercial buildings 
3. Office applications 

4. Micro Distribution System

A micro distribution system is designed for small-scale applications.

• Used in homes and offices 
• Typically uses DC power sources 
• Output voltage levels: 5V or 12V 

5. Reactive Power Compensation System

A reactive power compensation system is used to improve power factor.

• Reduces ineffective power in electrical systems 
• Ensures efficient utilization of electrical energy 
• Includes methods such as: 

1. Shunt capacitors 
2. Series reactors 

6. Central Battery Group Distribution System

This is a special distribution system used in critical environments.

• Installed in places such as hospitals and theaters 
• Ensures short-term continuous power supply during emergencies 
• Supports essential facility operation during power interruptions 

7. Photovoltaic Distribution System

A photovoltaic distribution system is used in solar energy applications.

• Converts solar energy into electrical energy via photovoltaic panels 
• Supplies power directly to electrical loads 
• Commonly applied in solar power generation scenarios 

Comparison Table of Distribution System Types

FAQ

1. What is a distribution system?

A distribution system is an electrical system that transfers power from the source to end users through transformers, switches, protection devices, and meters.

2. How many types of distribution systems are there?

Based on the provided classification, there are six types: high-voltage, low-voltage, micro, reactive power compensation, central battery group, and photovoltaic systems.

3. What is a low-voltage distribution system used for?

It is mainly used in residential, commercial, and office environments with typical voltages of 380V or 220V.

4. What is the purpose of a reactive power compensation system?

It is used to improve power factor and reduce ineffective power in electrical systems.

5. Where is a central battery group distribution system used?

It is used in hospitals, theaters, and other critical facilities to ensure short-term emergency power supply.

6. What is a photovoltaic distribution system?

It is a system that converts solar energy into electrical energy using photovoltaic panels and supplies it to electrical loads.

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